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Sunday, September 17, 2017

Interesting facts about Armenia and Armenians

 
 
Where and when did the court fully acquit the person who committed the murder in front of many witnesses?

Soghomon Tehlirian


 
In 1921, in Berlin, Sogomon Teyliryan, born in Turkey, shot and killed a man in front of many witnesses and immediately surrendered to the police. His victim was the former Interior Minister of the Ottoman Empire Talaat Pasha, known as one of the organizers of the Armenian Genocide. Taking this into account, the court fully acquitted Teyliryan, having recognized his actions as committed in a state of affect, and freed the murderer from custody .


What fruits are known to Europeans as Armenian apples?Many fruits are called in the place of their origin or the countries from which they came to us. For example, dates from Phenicia, peaches from Persia. But apricots in Europe for a long time called Armenian apples or Armenian plums, since they spread there from Armenia.
 

 Which Armenian returned from exile to Siberia thanks to Churchill?Winston Churchill was very fond of Armenian cognac and daily drank a bottle of 50-degree cognac "Dvin". Once the prime minister discovered that "Dvin" had lost its former taste. He expressed his discontent with Stalin. It turned out that the master Margar Sedrakyan, who was engaged in blending Dvina, was exiled to Siberia. He was returned, restored to the party. Churchill began to get his favorite cognac again, and Sedrakyan was subsequently awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor.
 
 


Where is Mount Ararat?Mount Ararat, which is a symbol of Armenia and is depicted on the arms of the country, is not located in Armenia. The territory of the mountain went to Turkey in 1921.
 
 

What village is the birthplace of two marshals and twelve generals?The Armenian village of Chardakhly located in Azerbaijan is the birthplace of two marshals, twelve generals and seven Heroes of the Soviet Union.
 
 

Which country first adopted Christianity as a state religion?The first country to adopt Christianity as a state religion was Armenia.
 

 The first Yerevan hydroelectric power station was built in 1926 - six years after Armenia became part of the USSR. After the completion of the construction, she immediately began to act. The hydroelectric power station is built on the left bank of the Hrazdan River. The author of the project is the famous architect A. Tamanyan.
 

 The first tramway line in Yerevan began operating in 1933. It started from Ordzhonikidze Street, passing through the streets of the Red Army, Marx, Oktemberyan and reached Tohmakh Gela. (The streets are listed under the names of that time). The return route ran along the same streets.
  

 The first photo-information agency in Yerevan was opened on January 17, 2002. Its founders are Mkhitar Khachatryan, Melik and Herbert Bagdasaryan, who are the sons of the first photojournalist Nemrut Baghdasaryan.
 

 The world's first textbook of arithmetic problems was compiled by the Armenian scientist, the sixth century mathematician David the Invincible. A copy of this task book is stored in the Yerevan matenadaran (the repository of ancient manuscripts).
 

 The first higher educational institution of ArmeniaThe first-born of higher educational institutions of Armenia is the Yerevan State University (YSU), founded on January 23, 1921. Originally the university had 2 faculties - natural and humanitarian. Today YSU prepares specialists for all branches of science and technology.

The "highest" mountain in the worldArarat is the highest mountain in the world in relative height: the distance from the foot to the summit is 4365 m. Its absolute height (above sea level) is 5165m. While the relative height of the highest mountain in the Everest world, or the Chomolungma, as the Everest Nepalese call it - is only about 3.3 km. And its absolute height is 8848 meters.
 
The largest ArmeniaThe most powerful Armenia in its history was in the I century BC. during the reign of King Tigran II (95-55 gg.). The power of Tigran II covered a significant part of the Near East from the Mediterranean to the Caspian Sea and from the Kura River to Mesopotamia. In the 80s, the new capital of Great Armenia was the city of Tigranakert, founded in the Armenian region of Akhdznik on the shores of one of the tributaries of the upper tributary of the Tigris, which was named after the "king-kings".
 
The largest galleryCreated in 1921. by a special decree of the government the State Art Gallery of Armenia is the largest in the republic. It contains more than 17 thousand works of painting, sculpture, graphics and arts and crafts. The collection is divided into three large parts: the Western European, Russian and Armenian sections. At first the collection of the Moscow Lazarev Institute of Oriental Studies and the Echmiadzin Book Depository was added to the museum. But the main part was presented by large museums of Moscow and Leningrad. In particular, a number of first-class works of Western European and Russian art was handed over to the State Hermitage.
 
The largest square in Yerevan is the Republic Square (former Lenin Square). It does not have a specific date for the building, and in official documents the construction is indicated by the period from 1926 to 1977. The project area is oval, surrounded by buildings of architectural value. In shape and size, the Republic Square resembles St. Peter's Square in the Vatican. The architects A.Tamanyan, S.Safaryan, M.Grigoryan, G.Tamanyan, V.Arevshatyan, E.Sarapyan, L.Vardanov, N.Peremuzova and sculptor S.Merkurov worked on the project at different times. In 1970 the square was awarded the state award of the Armenian SSR.
 
The longest street in YerevanAt all times, the longest street in Yerevan was Ordzhonikidze Avenue. After the independence of Armenia, the street was renamed Arshakunyats Avenue. It starts with the Yerevan State Circus and reaches the village of Noragavit. The length of the street is about 7 km.
 
The shortest street in Yerevan is Melik-Adamyan Street. Its length does not exceed 150 meters. Melika-Adamyan Street is located in the vicinity of the Republic Square.
 
The smallest sculpture that characterizes Yerevan, which was always on the square, is called "Yerevan's Cold Water", or "Boy selling water". It was installed in 1970 by sculptor N. Bejanyan and architect M. Ktegtsyan. The size of the sculpture corresponds to the complexion of a 12-14-year-old boy. Now, as always, she is at the entrance to Komaygi.




Zvartnoc

 

 The largest family in Yerevan lives in the South-West region, on Babajanyan street, 163, in the 2 nd and 4 th apartments. The father of the family is Mamikon Ghazaryan, and the mother is Antaram Kirakosyan. They fed and raised 17 children, of whom the elder was born in 1975, and the youngest - in 1994. The children of the largest family are: Anna (1975), David (1976), Sarah (1977), Rebecca (1977), Christina (1978), Hovsep (1979), Israel (1980), Mariam 1982), Leah (1983), Abel (1985), Samvel (1986), Gayane (1987), Hripsime (1988), Daniel (1990), Hakob (1991), Abraham (1992). ), Eva (1994). Sarah and Rebekah were born on the same day - they are twins.

The very first Waldorf schoolIn 1919 in Germany, in the city of Stuttgart, a small school for children of workers was opened at the Waldorf-Astoria tobacco factory. It was in her that the Austrian philosopher, the creator of anthroposophy Rudolf Steiner, embodied his pedagogical system. Since then, Waldorf pedagogy has won the hearts of thousands of educators, parents and children around the world. Since then, the controversy surrounding this system has not stopped. Now Waldorf schools and kindergartens are all over the world. There are also in Russia.And the first Waldorf school in the territory of the former Soviet Union appeared in Armenia, in Yerevan in 1992, on the basis of school No. 29.
 
The very first broadcastThe first transfer from the studio of the Yerevan Radio House ("Armenian Radio"), known by numerous anecdotes, took place on May 7, 1927. Now here, in a beautiful building of white felsitic tuff, there is Public Radio of Armenia, from where programs are broadcast in many languages ​​of the world.A 312-meter television tower on the Nork plateau at a relative height, including the height of the hill, is 27 meters higher than the height of the Ostankino TV tower in Moscow.
 
The oldest pharmacy in Yerevan was on the street "pharmacy". That's why the street got its name. The old pharmacy no longer works, but the street continues to be called "pharmacy."
 
The highest buildingThe tallest building in Yerevan was the Palace of Youth. It was a 20-story building, 16 stories of which was a hotel. Its architects are academicians Arthur Tarkhanyan, Spartak Khachikyan and Hrachik Poghosyan. The complex of the Palace of Youth was privatized in January 2004, and at the end of 2005, dismantled. The tallest building is a television tower. It was built in 1978 and reaches 308 meters. The highest church in Yerevan is the church of Grigor Lusavorich, reaching 65 meters in height. It was built in 2001. By the way, this is the highest Armenian church in the world.
 
The longest voyage through SevanDiver-rescuer from Yalta Igor Nersesyan is today the only person in the world who managed to swim across Bolshoy Sevan in 16 hours, having overcome the distance of 45 km at a water temperature of 12-14 degrees Celsius. This significant event occurred on June 10, 1990. This historical achievement is registered in the Guinness Book of Records.During the voyage the 36-year-old I. Nersesyan made over 45 thousand strokes with his hands, swimming mostly with a crochet, sometimes turning into a breast-bruise, and drank two liters of apricot juice. As he said after the release of the record holder, he felt an average fatigue and could swim the same distance in the opposite direction. "The record for me is not an end in itself, I just wanted to draw public attention to the problems of the lake," the swimmer told reporters.Nersesyan started from Vardenis at 2:45 and intended to cross the whole of Sevan, finishing on the peninsula. However, a strong wind and a counter wave prevented him from doing this: in the last five hours of navigation he only crossed two kilometers. Therefore, the organizers decided to stop the race.
 
The oldest cemetery in Yerevan is estimated by the Middle Ages and is called "Kozerna". It is located near the Baghramyan metro station and the park "Lovers" (or Pushkin). There was buried a priest named Coserne, from where the name of the cemetery arose. During the construction of the city the cemetery disappeared. Until Soviet times, the city's Pantheon and the territory of the Komitas Park were a city cemetery for a long time. And the biggest cemetery on its territory is Tohmakh.
 
The biggest concert halls in Yerevan are in the JCC. K. Demirchyan. The author of the project is the architect Heinrich Tarkhanyan. The CCM was commissioned in 1983. The concert hall receives 2,400 spectators at the same time, and a large hall - about 5,700. Both halls are distinguished by their turning rostrums, which makes it possible to add up to 1,000 seats in the hall in just 15 minutes.
 
The biggest and youngest cinema in Yerevan is the cinema "Airarat", which is known as "Russia". It is provided for 3000 visitors. This number is provided by the large, medium and small halls. It was commissioned in 1975. Now the cinema does not work. There is a fair there. Earlier it was attended by 2,500 spectators a day.


The largest meteoriteWhen falling, entering the earth's atmosphere, meteorites are burned and usually do not reach the ground. But there were cases when they still reached the earth's surface. The largest meteorite in Yerevan is in the Armenian State Geological Museum. It looks like a metal alloy, with an uneven surface, the size of an officer's cap. The discrepancy between its weight and size is surprising. The meteorite weighs 37.5 kg.
 
The biggest bridgeThe large Hrazdan ("Kiev") bridge in Yerevan, one of the largest in Europe, was built in 1954. The authors of this unique facility are Doctor of Technical Sciences V.Pinajyan, S.Ovnanyan, I.Slavinsky and architect Aghababyan. The span of the bridge arch is 100m, the length is 354m, the height is 68m and the width is 25m. In 2006 The city authorities carried out a major reconstruction of the bridge.
 
The largest monumentThe biggest monument of Yerevan is Mother Armenia, located in the Victory Park. The height of the monument, which is a woman with a sword in her hand, is 22 m, and with a pedestal it reaches 56 m. Earlier, on a 34-meter pedestal stood a monument to Stalin. It was filmed in 1962, and in 1967 its place was occupied by "Mother Armenia", designed by architect Ara Harutyunyan. The pedestal in which there is a museum dedicated to the history of the Great Patriotic War is also of great architectural value. The author of the building is the honored architect of the USSR Rafael Israelyan.
 
The biggest stadiumThe biggest stadium in Yerevan is the Central Stadium "Hrazdan". It was built in the Hrazdan Gorge in 1971 and can simultaneously receive about 70,000 spectators. The stadium has four stands and one western stage. The stadium, designed by the architects K. Akopyan, G. Musheghyan and the designer E. Tosunyan, was awarded the USSR State Prize in 1979.
 
The highest monumentThe height of the "Mother Armenia" monument is 56 meters, of which 34m is the height of the monumental tower-pedestal from the dark gray Yerevan tuff, and 22m is the figure of the woman putting the sword into the sheath. The author of the sculpture, established in 1967, is A. Harutyunyan. The monument is viewed from all parts of the city and is beautifully read against the sky with a clear, expressive outline. The figure "Mother Armenia" symbolizes the greatness and strength of the restored Armenian land. Lying at the feet of the figure's shield, the strict folds of her robes, the stylized form of the hands - everything is subordinated to the Ansaal solution of the monument.
 
The most popular building stoneThe most popular building stone in Armenia is tuf - a stone of volcanic origin. It can be easily processed, light, porous, has more than forty shades from black to white. But the most practical is pink, that's why they call Yerevan a "pink city". The reserves of tuff are practically inexhaustible. About its physical and mechanical properties, strength and frost resistance evidenced by the surviving monuments of ancient Armenian architecture, erected from tuff. It is easily handled both manually and by machines. Tuff is a good insulator and thermo-insulator.
 
The oldest university in Yerevan, like Armenia, is the Yerevan State University. It was founded during the first Armenian state in 1919, but how the University worked after the approval of Soviet power. The first rector of the University was an outstanding professor Gambarov Yuri Stepanovich. He was in this position from July 1919 to November 1920.
 


 The oldest cinemaThe Nairi cinema is the oldest in Yerevan. From 1920 to 1950 he was on Amiryan Street, where the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Armenia is now located. There was also a summer hall in the cinema. Here was shown the first Armenian film - "Dawn". In 1952, after the construction of a new building at the intersection of Mashtots Avenue and Isahakian Street, he moved to where it is today.
 
The oldest marketThe oldest market in Yerevan was where there is now a monument to the revolutionary S. Shaumyan, the head of 26 Baku commissars. Here was also the Russian Orthodox Church. In the 1930s, in order to start a new construction, the church and the oldest market (or, as the Yerevan residents called it, "Old Gantar"), were destroyed.
 
The oldest photo studioPhoto salon "Hanoian", located at Abovyan, 12, was opened in 1930 and is the oldest in Yerevan. It was founded by photographer Gabriel Hanoian (real name Alexanian), who immigrated to Yerevan from Van. Before 1930, there were photographers in Yerevan who worked in parks and were called "surprises". Photo-salon "Hanoian" from the founder passed to the son of his sister Oniq Harutyunyan, and now is at the disposal of his son - Armenak Harutyunyan (he is also known under the name Hanoian).
 
The most difficult monumentThe weight of the monument to the hero of the Armenian heroic epic, David Sasunsky, established in 1959. At the station square of Yerevan and is one of the symbols of the Armenian capital, it is 3.5 tons. The author of this remarkable monument is the famous sculptor, People's Artist of the USSR Yervand Kochar. The hero of the folk epic is depicted on the raised fairy-tale horse of Jalali at the moment when he smashes his enemy with his sword. Especially noticeable rapid movement from the side, when the majestic silhouette looms against the sky. The figure of David on horseback from forged copper rises on a pedestal from huge basalt blocks. The height of the sculpture, which rests on three points of support - 12.5 m. In 2007 the epic "David Sasunsky" will be 1068 years old."Death is realized - immortality"It was these words that Vardan Mamikonyan called his soldiers to the holy battle with the Persians near the village of Avarayr sparapet (commander) of the Armenian army. In the 5th century, an uprising broke out against the Persians' intentions to uproot Christianity in Armenia and to assimilate the Armenian people in the underworld of Sasanian Persia of Eastern Armenia. On May 26, 451, at the river Thnut, a 66,000-strong Armenian army hosted the battle of the 90,000-strong Persian army. Thirteen battle elephants also represented a formidable force. Early in the morning the Armenians crossed the river and rushed to the enemy. In this historic battle for our people fell 1036 Armenian soldiers, including Vardan Mamikonyan himself. All of them were ranked by the Armenian church to the saints. The enemy lost three times more - 3,500 people. After the battle of Avaraira, the Persians no longer tried to change the religion of the Armenians by force.
 
A characteristic feature of the Armenian cuisine is the use of a large amount of salt. Experts explain this by climatic conditions (the total consumption of salt by the human body in hot weather is much higher than in a temperate climate).
 
The capital of Armenia, the city of Yerevan is one of the oldest cities on the planet. It was founded in 782 BC by the king of Urarta Argishti I. For comparison, Rome is younger than Yerevan for 29 years.
 
Armenians in Armenia live in two and a half times less than outside of it. If the population of the country is 3 million people, then representatives of the Armenian diaspora all over the world more than seven million. The largest Armenian diaspora has more than 2,500,000 people living in the Russian Federation. The main reason for the stratification of Armenians around the world is the Armenian genocide in the late XIX - early XX centuries.
 
The date of April 24, 1915 occupies a special place in world history as the Armenian Genocide. It was on this day in Constantinople that mass arrests of the Armenian intellectual, religious, economic and political elite began, which led to the complete destruction of a whole pleiad of prominent Armenian figures, and subsequently a significant part of the Armenian people. That is why Armenians, scattered around the world today, celebrate April 24 as a day of commemoration of the victims of the genocide. In Armenia, on that day, tens of thousands of people make an ascent to the Genocide Memorial on Tsitsernakaberd Hill in Yerevan, and in all countries of the world mourning services are held in Armenian churches.


The living symbol of Armenia is apricot. The fruit was bred by Armenian farmers even before our era, and then brought by merchants to Rome, after which it became widespread in Europe. From the apricot tree make the most beloved and famous Armenian musical instrument duduk, which in recent years has become one of the fashionable oriental instruments among famous Western musicians. It is also noteworthy that the orange color on the flag of Armenia symbolizes apricot.
 
Armenian cognac is the only one in the world that for its quality has received the privilege of the French to be called brandy, not brandy, but in Armenia itself vodka is consumed several times more than the famous grape drink, and cognac often acts as a gift. As for statistics, Armenia occupies one of the last places in Europe in terms of the number of alcoholics per capita.
 
It's not often that the restrained British Broadcasting Corporation BBC has heard loud statements, but not long ago the Air Force called Armenians the cleverest nation on the planet. One of the reasons for this was the fact that Armenia won two of the last three chess Olympiads, and one of the strongest chess players in the history of chess Garry Kasparov is half Armenian. It is noteworthy that even more people are engaged in chess in the country itself than by the most famous game in the world - football.
 
The monastery complex Tatev is listed as a UNESCO protected heritage, which is an architectural masterpiece of the 10th century and is often called a monastery built on the edge of the abyss. October 16, 2010 opened the longest cable car in the world, called "Wings of Tatev", 5.7 km long, passing through the Vorotan Gorge to the monastery. In my opinion, this is the most beautiful monastery in Armenia.
 
In 2006, the Armenian national ice hockey team became the weakest in the IIHF rating, settling in the last 45 place. This happened after the defeat of the Mexican team with a score of 0:48, when the Hispanics made 121 shots on the Armenians goal. To be honest, this is a complete revelation for me and the most interesting fact, since I never even guessed that in Armenia someone is playing hockey.
 
In Byzantium there were twenty emperors - Armenians:1. Morik Oshakanzi (Mauritius) - 582-602 years.2. Vardan Pilik - 711-713 years.3. Artavazd - 742-743 years.4. Levon (Lev V) Artsruni - 813-830 years.5. Barsegh Arshakuni (Basil I - the founder of the Armenian Macedonian dynasty) - 867-886.6. Levon Arshakuni (Leo VI philosopher) - 886-912 years.7. Alexander - 912-913 years.8. Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus - 913-959 years.9. Romanos Vashtakyan (Roman I) - 919-949 years. (co-governor of Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus).10. Romanos II - 959-963 years.11. Nicephorus II Fock (Great) - 963-969 years.12. Hovhannes Cimisic (John Tzimischia) - 969-976 years.13. Vasily II of the Bulgarian of the War - 976-1025.14. Constantine VIII - 1025-1028 years.15. Roman III - 1028-1034 years.16. Mikael Paflagon (Michael IV) - 1034-104117. Mikael Kalapat (Michael V) - 1041-104218. Constantine IX Monomakh - 1042-1054 gg.19. Theodora II (Theodora II) - Empress - 1054-1056 gg.20. Michael Stretiotik (Michael VI) - 1056-1057
 
Linguists call the Armenian alphabet one of the three most perfect in the world (along with Georgian and Korean). Remind that the author of the Georgian alphabet, as well as Albanian (agvan), is also Mesrop Mashtots, an Armenian monk scientist who created the Armenian alphabet.
 
The Armenian language is the single language in the world in which the name of the Bible has a direct literary relation to God. The Bible in Armenian sounds "Astatsatshunch", which is literally translated as "God's Breath".
 
Kiev was founded by the Armenian prince Smbat Bagratuni in 585 and was originally called Smbatos.
 
The creators of the ancient Slavic alphabet Cyril (Constantine) and Methodius - sons of Levon (Byzantine emperor Leo V "Armenian"), students of Hovhannes Karakhan at the University of Magnaur - created an alphabet of 36 letters, as in the Armenian alphabet Mesrop Mashtots, and not 24 letters, as in the Greek alphabet.


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